深度学习动机、策略与高阶思维能力关系模型构建研究

Research on the Relationship Model of Deep Learning Motivation, Strategy and Higher Order Thinking Skills

高阶思维能力是当代社会人才需求的一个重要导向,也是学习者为适应新时代所必需的技能。如何培养学习者的高阶思维能力,已成为当代社会关注的核心问题。与此同时,深度学习近年来引起了教育领域研究者的广泛关注。有研究者认为,深度学习是学习者运用高阶思维能力的学习形式,深度学习的目标是发展学习者的高阶思维能力。但深度学习在哪些层面能够促进高阶思维能力的提升,仍未得到清晰的解答。基于对来自东北、华北、华东、中南四地区六所高校不同专业不同年级的515位学生的问卷调查结果显示,探讨深度学习动机、策略与高阶思维五个子能力之间的关系,能够从机理层面揭示提升高阶思维能力的学习动因,厘清高阶思维子能力之间的内部因果机制,为在教学实践中提升高阶思维能力提供最优路径。经过问卷信度与结构效度的检验,依据理论框架及数据分析结果得出三个竞争模型,以及利用结构方程模型对三个模型进行拟合等分析步骤后的最终结果表明,深度学习策略显著正向影响问题解决能力、元认知能力、团队协作能力;问题解决能力显著正向影响元认知能力、团队协作能力、沟通能力、创造性思维能力;团队协作能力显著正向影响沟通能力;沟通能力显著正向影响创造性思维能力。

Higher order thinking skills has gradually become an important orientation of the demand for talents in the contem-porary society. It is the key skill for the learners to adapt to the new era. How to cultivate and improve the learners ＇ higher-order thinking skills has become the core issue of the attention of the contemporary society. At the same time, deep learning has gradually become an important and effective way of learning in this era. Some researchers believe that deep learning is the process in which learners use higher order thinking skills to study, and the goal of deep learning is to develop learners＇ higher order thinking skills.But what is the relationship between deep learning and higher order thinking skills, and in which aspects the deep learning can promote the improvement of higher order thinking skills, these problems have not been solved clearly. To solve these problems can reveal the learning motivation of improving higher order thinking skills from the mechanism level, clarify the internal causation mechanism between the sub competences of higher order thinking skills, and provide the best way to improve the higher-order thinking skills in practice. This study investigated the relationship between the deep learning motivation, strategy and five sub abilities of higher order thinking skills. A total of 515 students enrolled in various grades and disciplines across six universities located in four regions of northeast, north, east, south and central China participated in this study. After testing the reliability and structure validity of the questionnaire, the paper put forward three competition models according to theoretical framework and the results of data analy-sis then used the structural equation model to fit the three models. The final results show that the deep learning strategy has a signifi-cant positive impact on the problem-solving ability, meta-cognitive awareness and collaboration; problem-solving ability has a significant positive effect on meta-cognitive awareness, collaboration, communication and creativity; collaboration has a significant positive impact on communication; communication has a significant positive impact on creativity.