《共产党宣言》对资本主义文化的批判性阐释

A Critical Interpretation of Capitalist Culture by The Communist Manifesto

马克思、恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中对资本主义文化进行了全面的审视,肯定资本主义文化倡导个体化的精神、唤醒社会活力、促进"世界文学"形成等方面所内蕴的历史正当性。同时,批判资本主义文化的全球扩张、资本主义文化意识形态的虚假性以及资本主义社会日常生活意识集中以"拜物教"形式呈现等局限性。对资本主义文化的批判旨在唤醒无产阶级的阶级意识,推翻作为文化异化根源的资本主义社会,建构无产阶级新型文化进而实现人的自由全面发展。探寻理论对现实的观照:新时代文化建设将人民立场作为最基本的原则;新时代文化发展要穿透域外文化的价值普适性迷雾;新时代坚持马克思主义的主导地位并用其统摄多样文化思潮。

In The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels examined the capitalist culture in a comprehensive way, and affirmed that the capitalist culture advocated the individualized spirit, awakened the social vitality and promoted the formation of the ＂world literature＂. At the same time, it criticized the global expansion of capitalist culture, the falseness of capitalist cultural ideology, and the limitations of capitalist society＇s daily life consciousness in the form of fetishism. The criticism of the capitalist culture was aimed at awakening the class consciousness of the proletariat, overthrowing the capitalist society as the root of the cultural alienation, and constructing a new proletarian culture. By exploring the theory of Marx and Engels in The Communist Manifesto, we can draw the following references： firstly, the cultural construction in the new era should take serving people as the most basic principle; secondly, the cultural development of the new era must penetrate the fog of value universality of extraterritorial culture; thirdly, in the new era, we must adhere to the dominant position of Marxism and its command of diverse cultural trends of thought.