长链非编码RNA在卵泡与早期胚胎发育中的研究进展

Roles of LncRNA in Follicular and Early Embryonic Development

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是长度大于200 nt并且缺乏蛋白质编码能力的一类RNA分子。卵泡及早期胚胎发育与女性生殖健康密切相关,lncRNA在其中发挥重要作用。目前的研究认为lncRNA可能通过影响女性生殖干细胞的增殖和体外存活能力以及调节卵丘扩张和卵母细胞成熟参与卵泡发育。lncRNA也可通过影响颗粒细胞增殖、分化与凋亡在排卵、黄体形成和早期胚胎发育等阶段发挥重要作用。对lncRNA的深入研究有助于进一步了解卵泡及早期胚胎发育的分子机制,为评价女性卵巢储备及移植前胚胎质量提供新的诊断标准,同时为不孕症的治疗提供新思路。现就lncRNA在卵泡与早期胚胎发育中的研究进行综述。

Long non-coding RNAs （long ncRNAs, lncRNA） are defined as a group of RNAs being longer than 200 nucleotides and lacking the protein-coding ability. LncRNA plays an important role in follicular development and early embryonic development that are closely related to female reproductive health. It has been found that lncRNAs may be involved in follicular development by affecting the proliferation and survival of female germline stem cells and regulating cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation. LncRNA also plays an important role in ovulation, corpus luteum formation and early embryonic development by affecting the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of granulosa cells. The study of lncRNA will help us to further understand the molecular mechanism of follicle and early embryonic development, and provide us new diagnostic criteria for evaluating female ovarian reserve and pre-implantation embryo quality and new ideas for the treatment of infertility. This article will review the recent studies on lncRNAs related to the follicular and early embryonic development.