民间艺术花鸟字的流变探析

Research on the Evolution of Flower and Bird Characters in Folk Art

花鸟字作为民间艺术之一,最早可追溯到东周时期的鸟虫书,盛行于战国,精美于两汉,发展于唐宋,消失于明清。直到20世纪90年代,鸟虫书才以花鸟字的称谓出现。纵观花鸟字的发展流变,大体可以分为东周至两汉、唐宋至明清以及20世纪90年代至今3个时期。这3个时期花鸟字的名称、技法、载体均发生着不同的流变,探讨这3个时期的具体流变过程,对当下保护与传承花鸟字有着重要的意义。

As a folk art, the characters of flowers and birds can be traced back to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, popular in the warring States period, exquisite in the Han Dynasty, developed in the Tang and Song dynasties, disappeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties.It was not until the 90s of the 20th century that the book of birds and insects appeared as a word for flowers and birds.Throughout the development of flower and bird characters, it can be divided into three periods： Eastern Zhou and Han dynasties, Tang and Song dynasties to Ming and Qing dynasties, and the 1990s to the present.The names, techniques and carriers of the characters of flowers and birds in these three periods are changing differently. It is of great significance to discuss the specific evolution process of these three periods for protecting and inheriting the characters of flowers and birds.