2016年陕西省大骨节病病区儿童发硒含量的监测

Analysis of selenium content in hair samples of children in Kashin-Beck disease areas in Shaanxi Province in 2016

目的 了解陕西省大骨节病病区与非病区儿童发硒含量，为大骨节病防治工作提供决策 依据。方法 2016年7月，以陕西省麟游、永寿县2个大骨节病历史重病区作为病区监测县，同时选 择凤翔县和礼泉县作为非病区监测县。采用分层随机抽样的方法，在每个县的7 - 12岁常住儿童 中，每个年龄段抽取男、女童各5名，采集发样。样品采用湿消化法处理，2，3-二氨基萘荧光法 进行发硒含量的测定。判定标准：发硒含量 〈 0.20 mg／kg为硒缺乏，0.20 - 〈 0.25 mg／kg为 硒缺乏边缘，0.25 - 〈 0.50 mg／kg为硒营养水平中等，≥0.50 mg／kg为硒营养水平较高。结果 共收集儿童发样240份，病区与非病区各120份。病区、非病区儿童发硒含量分别为（0.28 ± 0.13）、（0.33 ± 0.13）mg／kg，均值均在0.25 - 〈 0.50 mg／kg。病区、非病区儿童发硒含 量比较差异无统计学意义（t = 2.753，P 〉 0.05）。病区与非病区儿童发硒含量 〈 0.20 mg／kg 的分别有36、20例，各占30.00%、16.67%；0.20 - 〈 0.25 mg／kg的分别有15、11例，各占 12.50%、9.17%；0.25 - 〈 0.50 mg／kg的分别有61、75人，各占50.83%、62.50%；≥0.50 mg／ kg分别有8、14例，各占6.67%、11.67%。病区与非病区男童发硒含量［（0.27 ± 0.13）、 （0.33 ± 0.12）mg／kg］比较，差异无统计学意义（t = 2.793，P 〉 0.05）；女童发硒含量［ （0.30 ± 0.13）、（0.33 ± 0.13）mg／kg］比较，差异无统计学意义（t = 1.219，P 〉 0.05 ）。结论 陕西省大骨节病病区儿童发硒含量均值与非病区儿童接近，且病区大部分儿童硒营养基 本达到中等或较高水平。

Objective To understand selenium content in hair samples of children in Kashin-Beck diseased and non-disease areas in Shaanxi Province, and to provide decision-making basis for prevention and treatment of Kashin-Beck disease. Methods In July 2016, two history serious diseased areas Linyou County and Yongshou County were selected as monitoring counties in Shaanxi Province; Fengxiang County and Liquan County were selected as non-disease monitoring counties. According to stratified random sampling, in the 7 - 12 year old resident children at each monitoring county, 5 males and 5 females were taken from each age group, and their hair samples were collected. Samples were digested by wet digestion method, the contents of selenium were determined by 2, 3-diaminonaphthalene fluorescence method. Judging criteria： selenium content 〈 0.20 mg/kg was a selenium deficiency, 0.20 - 〈 0.25 mg/kg was a selenium edge deficiency, 0.25 - 〈 0.50 mg/kg was a selenium nutrient medium level, ≥0.50 mg/kg is a selenium nutrient high level. Results A total of 240 hair samples were collected, 120 cases in the diseased and non-diseased areas, respectively. The selenium contents of children in the diseased and non- disease areas was （0.28 ± 0.13）, （0.33 ± 0.13） mg/kg, and the means were between 0.25 - 〈 0.50 mg/kg. There was no significant difference in the selenium content in the children between diseased and non-disease areas （t = 2.753, P 〉 0.05）. In diseased and non-disease areas, there were 36 and 20 children with selenium content 〈 0.20 mg/kg, accounting for 30.00% and 16.67%; 15 and 11 children with selenium content 0.20 - 〈 0.25 mg/kg, accounting for 12.50% and 9.17%; 61 and 75 children with selenium content 0.25 - 〈 0.50 mg/kg, accounting for 50.83% and 62.50%; 8 and 14 children with selenium content ≥0.50 mg/kg, accounting for 6.67% and 11.67%. There were no significant differences in the selenium contents of hair in boys [（0.27 ± 0.13）, （0.33 ± 0.12） mg/kg] and girls [（0.30 ± 0.13）, （0.33 ± 0.13） mg/kg] between diseased and non-disease areas （t = 2.793, 1.219, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions The selenium contents of children of Kashin-Beck diseased areas in Shaanxi Province are close to the levels of selenium in non-disease areas, and most children are in the medium or high levels of selenium.