内蒙古130例慢型克山病患者的心电图分析

Electrocardiogram analysis of 130 cases of chronic Keshan disease in Inner Mongolia

目的 分析慢型克山病患者心电图（ECG）特点，探讨健康管理对慢型克山病ECG的 影响。方法 回顾性分析2012 - 2014年内蒙古克山病病区参与健康管理的130例慢型克山病患者的 ECG资料。其中男性57例、女性73例，年龄（51.2 ± 11.5）岁。分析内容包括一般情况，健康管 理前后ECG检查等。结果 健康管理前，130例慢型克山病患者ECG均有异常，其中心律失常87例 （66.9%）、QRS波群增宽74例（56.9%）、ST-T改变56例（43.1%）、房室肥大51例（39.2%）、异 常Q波9例（6.9%）、Q-T间期延长5例（3.8%）；健康管理后，异常ECG中心律失常64例（49.2%） 、QRS波群增宽48例（36.9%）、ST-T改变40例（30.8%）、房室肥大31例（23.8%），检出率均明 显低于健康管理前（χ2 = 8.36、10.44、4.23、7.13，P均 〈 0.05）。结论 慢型克山病患者ECG 表现多种多样，其中心律失常、QRS波群增宽、ST-T改变、房室肥大最常见，对患者进行健康管理 ，可使ECG常见异常改变的检出率明显下降。

Objective To observe and analyze the electrocardiogram （ECG） characteristics of patients with chronic Keshan disease and explore the influence of health management on ECG of chronic Keshan disease. Methods ECG data of 130 patients with chronic Keshan disease who were involved in the health management program for Keshan Disease from 2012 to 2014 in the area of Inner Mongolia were analyzed retrospectively （57 were males and 73 were females, aged 51.2 ± 11.5）. The survey indexes include general condition, ECG examination before and after implementing the health management program. Results There were abnormal ECG in 130 patients with chronic Keshan disease before implementing the health management program. Among them, 87 cases （66.9%） had arrhythmia, 74 cases （56.9%） had widening of QRS wave group, 56 cases （43.1%） had ST-T changes, 51 cases （39.2%） had atrioventricular hypertrophy, 9 cases （6.9%） had abnormal Q wave and 5 cases （3.8%） had prolonged Q-T interval. After implementing the health management program, there were 64 cases （49.2%） of arrhythmia in abnormal ECG, 48 cases （36.9%） with widening of QRS wave group, 40 cases （30.8%） with ST-T changes and 31 cases （23.8%） with atrioventricular hypertrophy, which were significantly lower than those before implementing the health management program （χ2 = 8.36, 10.44, 4.23, 7.13, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions The ECG of patients with chronic Keshan disease is varied, among which arrhythmia, QRS wave group prolongs, ST-T changes, atrioventricular hypertrophy are the most common. Health management of patients can make the detection rate of common abnormal changes of ECG decrease obviously.