宁波市<5岁儿童肺炎发病情况及其流行特征分析

Incidence and prevalence features of pneumonia among children aged < 5years in Ningbo city, 2016: an analysis on data from regional health information platform

目的了解浙江省宁波市<5岁儿童肺炎发病情况及其流行特征,为制定儿童肺炎防控措施提供参考依据。方法收集宁波市区域卫生信息平台2016年1月1日—12月31日报告的<5岁儿童肺炎病例资料,分析宁波市<5岁儿童肺炎的发病率及其流行特征。结果宁波市2016年<5岁儿童肺炎发病3 207例次(2 722例),发病率为1.52%;其中男童和女童肺炎分别发病1 822例次(1 574例)和1 385例次(1 198例),肺炎发病率分别为1.68%和1.35%。1岁~组和3岁~组肺炎发病率较高,分别为1.91%和2.33%;4岁~组最低,为0.85%。1月和10—12月是发病高峰,占肺炎总发病例次的54.29%。发病1和2次的儿童分别为2 416和297例,占总发病例数的87.16%和10.71%。有7价肺炎疫苗和23价肺炎疫苗免疫史的儿童分别为277和359例,占总发病例数的9.99%和12.95%;有2015/2016流感季流感疫苗接种史的儿童164例,占总发病例数的5.92%。结论宁波市<5岁儿童肺炎秋冬季高发,年龄呈1岁和3岁2个高峰,病例相关疫苗接种率较低。

Objective To examine the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of pneumonia among children aged 〈 5 years in Ningbo city and to provide evidences for developing child pneumonia prevention and control strategies. Methods We collected data on pneumonia cases of under 5 years old registered in Ningbo city from January 1st to December 31 st, 2016 via Ningbo municipal health infonx^ation platform. Then we analyzed the incidence and characteristics of the pneumonia epidemic. Results During the year, totally 3 207 person-times （2 722 cases） of under 5-year pneumonia incidents were reported among permanent residents in Ningbo city, with an incidence rate of 1.52%; the number of reported cases was 1 822 （1 574 cases） and 1 385 （1 185 cases） person-times for the boys and girls, with the incidence rate of 1.68% and 1.35%, respectively. The incidence rate was higher in the 1- and 3-year old children （1.91% and 2.33%） and the lowest among 4-year old children （0.85%）. The incidence rate was higher in January and from October to December and the number registered in the four months accounted for 54.29% of the all cases registered in the year. Of all the registered cases, 87.16% （2 416） and 10.71% （297） had the disease incident once and twice, respectively; 9.99% （277） and 12.95% （359） had the vaccination history of 7-valent and 23-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; and 5.92% （164） had the vaccination history of 2015 - 2016 seasonal influenza vaccine. Conclusion Pneumonia incidence is higher during autumn-winter season among children aged 〈 5 years in Ningbo city and the incidence is higher among the children aged 1- and 3-year old; the inoculation rate ofpneumococcal coniugate vaccine is low among the children.