广西地区晚更新世野猪对家猪的遗传贡献

Genetic Contribution of Late Pleistocene Wild Boars in Guangxi to Domesticated Pigs

家猪是由居住在世界不同地区的人类对野猪的长期驯化而来,考古学研究表明近东和中国可能是家猪的驯养中心.为了寻找野猪对家猪驯化遗传贡献的分子证据,对采集于广西壮族自治区3个不同地点的30个晚更新世野猪化石样品开展了古DNA研究,从化石样品中获得了线粒体基因组的D-loop部分序列,结合现代家猪、野猪DNA同源序列信息,构建了Network网络结构图和系统发育树.结果表明广西古代野猪与欧洲猪科动物之间存在历史基因流,与亚洲家猪之间具有遗传的连续性,在家猪的驯化过程中有遗传贡献.研究结果从新的地域角度为家猪的多地区驯化起源提供了分子证据.

Pigs were domesticated from wild boars by humans living in different parts of the world. Archaeological studies show that the Near East and China may be the domestication centers of pigs. In order to find evidence for the genetic contribution of wild boars to pig domestication, ancient DNA study on 30 Late Pleistocene wild boar fossils collected from three caves in Guan gxi, southern China was conducted. Through the use of the fragmented D-loop sequences and the homologous sequences of wild boars and domestic pigs across Asia and Europe, the network figure and phylogenetic trees of Suidae were reconstructed. The results show that the existence of historical gene flow between ancient Guangxi wild boars and European pigs, and there is a genetic continuity from ancient Guangxi wild boars to Asian domestic pigs, which suggests a genetic contribution of ancient wild boars to the pig domestication. Therefore, this study provides new molecular evidence of multiple and independent events for pig domestication in terms of geographic region.