从力量伦理到非力量伦理——埃吕尔在技术社会中苦寻自由

From Power Ethics to Non-Power Ethics:Jacques Ellul's Theory about Freedom in the Technological Society

人们通常认为技术的发展让人类更加自由,但埃吕尔敏锐地洞察到技术的发展可能使人类失去自由。他认为技术并非价值中立的工具,而是一个具有自主性的系统。在技术社会中,人类信奉效率原则,使求力意志得到无限制的生长。他认为,正是这种力量伦理导致人类自由的丧失,人类要重获自由就必须对技术进行有意识的限制,走出力量伦理的统治,走向非力量伦理。埃吕尔认为非力量伦理包含四个要素:自由、非力量、包容冲突、鼓励越界。

It is generally believed that the development of technology makes human beings more free,but Jacques Ellul discovered that the development of technology may deprive mankind of freedom. He believed that technology is not a tool which is neutral to value,but an autonomous system. In the technological society,human beings believe in the principle of efficiency,so that the will of power grows unboundedly. He suggested that it is the power ethics that leads to the loss of human freedom. In order to regain freedom,human beings should have a conscious restriction on technology and go out of the ruling of power ethics and move towards non-power ethics. Ellul suggested that the non-power ethics has four elements： freedom,non-power,conflict and transgression.