植物类中药抗细菌耐药性的研究进展

Antimicrobial Resistance of Chinese Herbal Medicine

抗生素的出现为感染性疾病的治疗和人类健康做出了巨大贡献。但是随着抗生素的广泛应用,尤其是不合理使用,使细菌对抗生素的耐药现象日趋严重。耐药菌的不断增加和扩散,严重威胁着人类健康。细菌耐药性问题已是一项亟待解决的全球性难题：常用抗生素对病原菌作用不断减弱,甚至出现了＂超级细菌＂;开发新的有抗菌活性的化学合成药物难度大、周期长。中药在我国已有几千年的历史,具有资源丰富、不良反应低、不易产生耐药性等优点,故从中药中开发新的抗菌和抗细菌耐药性药物越来越成为研究热点。作者就近年来植物中药抗细菌耐药性的研究做一综述,包括了植物中药抗常见致病菌的耐药性研究报道、植物中药抗细菌耐药性的作用机制、影响植物中药抗细菌耐药性的因素和该领域的展望,为从传统植物中药中筛选和开发抗菌药物的研究提供参考。

The emergence of antibiotics has made great contribution to the treatment of infectious diseases and the improvement of human health. However,with the intensive use of antibiotics,especially their abuse,bacterial resistance becomes increasingly serious. The increase and spread of drug-resistant bacteria seriously threaten human health. Bacterial resistance has been a global health problem. On one side,more and more bacteria become resistant to the commonly used antibiotics,and there have been even ＂super bacteria＂; on the other side,it takes a long time to develop new chemically synthetic drugs with antibacterial activity. Chinese herbal medicine has a history of several thousand years in China,with many advantages,such as abundant resources,less adverse effects and rare drug resistance. Therefore,developing new antibacterial Chinese herbal medicine,especially those against bacterial resistance,has increasingly become a research hotspot. The authors made a review of the research progress on antimicrobial resistance of Chinese herbal medicine,including the recent reports of antibacterial activity of Chinese herbal medicine and their mechanisms,the factors affecting antibacterial activity and the prospect in this field,in the hope of providing a reference for further study of exploring traditional Chinese herbal medicines as sources of antimicrobial resistance drugs.