稻-稻-油轮作土壤解磷菌与解钾菌的分离与鉴定

Isolation and Characteristics of Soil Phosphate-and Potassium-Solubilizing Bacteria under Rice-Rice-Rape Rotation

利用湖南省安仁县渡口乡的长期定位试验平台(建于1985年4月),研究稻-稻-油菜轮作土壤中芽胞杆菌丰度变化以及对作物产生促生长作用的解磷菌和解钾菌的影响。试验于2015年7月、2015年10月和2016年4月从试验点采集土壤样品、测定芽胞杆菌丰度、分离解磷和解钾菌株并进行种属鉴定和能力测试。通过荧光定量PCR分析,发现稻-稻-油菜轮作土壤中芽胞杆菌的数量较稻-稻连作土壤高24%~36%。通过Blast在线比对,发现轮作和连作土壤中解磷和解钾菌属类存在不同,但优势菌类均为芽胞杆菌。通过解磷和解钾量大小分析,发现分离自轮作土壤和连作土壤的菌株之间并无显著差异。结果表明,与稻-稻连作相比,稻-稻-油菜轮作能够提高土壤中芽胞杆菌的丰度,且影响解磷菌和解钾菌的种类。

Soil sampleswere collected from the long-term field of rice-rice-rape rotation and rice-rice continuous in July 2015, October 2015 and April 2016. The phosphate-solubilizing and potassium solubilizing bacteria were separated andidentified. The phosphate-solubilizing quantity has no significant differencebetween continuous cropping soil and rotation soil. The quantity of potassium solubilizing was the same with that ofphosphate-solubilizingbacteria. The phosphorus and potassium solubilizing strains isolated from soil were amplified by PCR and introduced into the NCBI database for Blast online comparison. The results showed that the species and classes ofphosphorus and potassium solubilizing bacteria were different between rotated soil and continuous croppingsoil, and the bacillus in the screened phosphorus and potassium solubilizing strains were the dominant bacteria. The fluorescence quantitative analysis of the specific primers of bacillus was analyzed, and the numbers of bacillus in soil during the three sampling periodswere 24% to 36%. The results showed that the crop rotation of rice-rice-rape was helpful to the growth of bacillus.