基于GIS和RS的矿区土壤侵蚀分级及其适用性研究

Soil Erosion Classification and Its Applicability in Mining Area Based on GIS and RS

为研究矿区土壤侵蚀的变化特征并探讨土壤侵蚀分级方法的适用性,以平朔矿区为例,根据土壤侵蚀分类分级标准,运用遥感影像、土地利用数据和数字高程数据,借助ENVI与Arc GIS软件,对矿区1986、2000和2013年进行了三期土壤侵蚀强度分级。分析了数量变化和时空变化的特征,并以此对平朔矿区的土壤侵蚀强度进行了分区。结果表明:平朔矿区各土壤侵蚀等级面积有着微度侵蚀>轻度侵蚀>中度侵蚀>强烈侵蚀>极强烈侵蚀>剧烈侵蚀的特征,侵蚀状况的时空变化与矿区人为扰动的影响相一致,但土壤侵蚀分类分级标准的"三因子"法在矿区的应用应得到改进,需综合考虑矿区不同土壤类型、植被类型和地质条件等对土壤侵蚀的影响,使其更适合在矿区内应用。

Taking Pingshuo Mining Area as an example, this research explored the change characteristics of soil erosion and discussed the applicability of soil erosion grading methods. Specifically, based on the remote sensing images, land use data and digital elevation data, soil erosion intensities of the mining areas in 1986, 2000 and 2013 were graded respectively using ENVI and ArcGIS software. Moreover, the characteristics of quantity change and spatio-temporal change were analyzed, and the soil erosion intensity in showed that the area of different soil erosion grades ranked as slight intensity erosion 〉 strong erosion 〉 severe erosion in Pingshuo Mining Area was partitioned. Results erosion 〉 mild erosion 〉 moderate erosion 〉 Pingshuo Mining Area. The spatio-temporal change characteristics of soil erosion were consistent with the effects of anthropogenic disturbances in the mining area. However, the classification and standards of soil erosion in mining area should be improved. To make them more suitable for using in the mining area, factors including different soil types, vegetation types and geological conditions should be considered comprehensively to improve their applicable ability.