土壤有机氮组分研究进展

Soil Organic Nitrogen Fractions: a Review

有机氮组分作为土壤氮素的重要组成,是土壤中有效态氮的源和库,在氮素矿化、固定、迁移以及为植物生长供氮过程中起到至关重要的作用。总结近年来国内外土壤有机氮组分的研究进展,详述了土壤有机氮组分的组成、功能及其影响因素。结果表明,土壤有机氮组分与土壤供氮能力紧密相关,其中酸解铵态氮和酸解氨基酸氮为土壤有机氮组分的主要组成,一定程度上可作为土壤供氮潜力的表征。最后,对未来的研究重点—同位素标记技术和分子生物学技术等在土壤有机氮组分研究的应用进行展望,以期为深入开展土壤氮素循环和供氮能力的研究提供一定的理论参考。

As an important component of soil nitrogen pool, organic nitrogen fractions are the source and pool of soil available nitrogen, which plays key roles in the processes of mineralization, fixation, and transformation of soil nitrogen and nitrogen supply for plant growth. This review summarized the recent domestic and foreign research progress about soil organic nitrogen fractions, described detailed the compositions, functions and influence factors of soil organic nitrogen fractions. The results showed that soil organic nitrogen component was closely related to soil nitrogen supply capacity. Moreover, acid hydrolyzed ammonia nitrogen and acid hydrolyzed amino acid nitrogen were the main components of soil organic nitrogen fractions, which could be used to indicate soil nitrogen supply capacity. Finally, the research focuses on soil organic nitrogen fractions were put forwarded based on isotope labeling technology and molecular biotechnology, which would provide theoretical references for further researches about soil nitrogen cycling and nitrogen supply capacity.