PM_(2.5)暴露促进动脉粥样硬化发生发展的研究进展

PM_(2.5) exposure promotes the genesis and development of atherosclerosis

细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))是指大气中空气动力学直径≤2. 5μm的颗粒物,是雾霾的重要成因,也是大气中对人体危害较大的组分之一。流行病学调查、临床研究以及毒理学实验结果显示,PM_(2.5)与心血管疾病的发生发展密切相关。短期PM_(2.5)暴露可促发急性心血管事件,长期暴露则大幅度增加心血管疾病的发病风险和死亡风险。近几十年心血管疾病始终是全球首要的致死原因,而动脉粥样硬化(AS)是心血管疾病的主要病理基础。流行病调查研究和动物实验均发现,短期暴露高浓度或长期暴露低浓度PM_(2.5)可促进AS的进展,引起不稳定性斑块破裂,但潜在机制尚未阐明。就PM_(2.5)暴露与AS加剧之间的关系,以及PM_(2.5)暴露造成AS加剧的潜在机制研究现状进行综述。

Fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2. 5 μm（ PM2.5） is a main contributor to haze,and constitutes a major risk to human health. Numerous epidemiological,clinical and toxicological studies have demonstrated that exposure to PM2.5 has been strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular disease（ CVD）. Short-term exposure to PM2.5 triggers acute cardiovascular events,while long-term exposure significantly augments the risk of morbidity and mortality. CVDs have been attributed as the leading cause of death globally in the last decades,in which atherosclerosis（ AS） is an essential event in the pathogenesis. Increasing evidence has revealed that both acute exposure to high concentrations or long-term exposure to lowconcentrations of PM2.5 can promote the progression and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques; however,the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated yet. This reviewmainly summarizes the association between AS and PM2.5 exposures,and the underlying mechanisms of AS progression following PM2.5 exposures.