我国重点保护动植物物种价值评估

Economic evaluation of key protected fauna and flora species in China

对野生动植物生态经济价值的认识是有效保护的基础,运用条件价值评估法对我国重点保护动植物物种的价值进行研究。通过网络问卷调查法共收集到5500份问卷,其中有效问卷4672份。通过对有效问卷分析得到总的平均支付意愿为209元人^(-1)a^(-1)。其中,动物和植物分别是111.37元人^(-1)a^(-1)和97.65元人^(-1)a^(-1),不同保护级别物种的支付意愿大小差别显著。基于2016年全国城镇就业人口数据求得我国重点保护动植物物种的保护效益为18.29万亿元/a,其中动物8.20万亿元/a,植物10.09万亿元/a。支付意愿影响因素分析表明,收入、学历、对重点保护物种的了解和感兴趣程度以及是否参加过重点保护物种保护活动对支付意愿大小有显著影响。

We assessed the economic value of key protected species of wild fauna and flora based on the contingent valuation method. In total, 5500 questionnaires were collected, of which 4672 were valid. Analysis of the valid questionnaires showed that the gross willingness to pay （WTP） was 209 yuan person^-1 a^-1, with fauna being 111.37 yuan person^-1 a^-1 and flora being 97.65 yuan person^-1 a^-1. The WTP was significantly different between different protection levels. Based on the national urban employment data of 2016, the gross value of all endangered species was 18.29×10^3 billion yuan/a, with fauna being 8.20×10^3 billion yuan/a and flora being 10.09×10^3 billion yuan/a. Our analysis showed that economic income, education degree, knowledge, and interest in endangered species, and whether once participated in the activities aimed at endangered species＇ conservation are important factors that influence WTP.