破产程序终结后民事权利救济的现实考量与破解路径——基于222个案例的实证分析

The Realistic Considerations and Solutions to Relief of Civil Rights after the End of Bankruptcy Procedures:Emprical Analysis Based on 222 Cases

破产程序终结后民事权利救济问题,存在着权利主张受限制,救济措施不具体,追责制度不完善等＂瓶颈＂。有必要对破产程序终结后的民事权利救济作限度扩张,从增加可救济法定事由、放宽救济时限要求方面,扩大救济范围;从明确破产程序终结后的债权申报、建立管理人恢复制度和破产分配财产预留制度方面,完善救济措施;从加强预防性救济、建立多元化救济机制方面,拓展救济渠道;从完善责任主体、明确责任范围、加重责任负担、完善追责程序方面,健全追责制度。

After the end of bankruptcy procedures,the issue of civil rights relief with less concern at present,is from time to time embarrassingly encountered in practice. Based on analysis on the relative subjects,conditions,methods and prescription of relief stipulated in China＇s bankruptcy law as well as the situations of the relief to civil rights after the bankruptcy procedures in judicial practice,the ＂bottlenecks＂such as restrictions on right claims,undetailed relief measures,and imperfect accountability system can be found. Therefore,it is necessary to expand the relief scope of civil rights after the end of bankruptcy procedures by expanding legal causes for relief and relaxing the time limit for relief; to improve the relief measures by specifying declaration of the claims after the end of bankruptcy procedures,establishing the manager recovery system and the bankruptcy distributing property reservation system; to expand relief ways by strengthening preventive relief and establishing diversified relief mechanisms; to improve the accountability system by perfecting the responsible subjects,specifying the scope of responsibility,increasing the burden of responsibility and improving the accountability procedures.