商洛茶树病虫种类调查及主要病虫害发生分布

Survey of the occurency and distribution of major disease and insect pest species of tea plants in Shangluo

[目的]明确商洛茶园病虫害种类、危害特点及发生规律。[方法]利用普查、系统监测与诱捕相结合的方式,于2015-2018年对商洛茶园病虫害种类和发生分布情况进行调查。[结果]鉴定出真菌病害11种、害虫6目、14科、22种。根据病虫害发生范围和危害程度,明确了商洛茶园主要病虫害包括茶云纹叶枯病、茶轮斑病、茶赤叶斑病、茶芽枯病、小绿叶蝉及假眼小绿叶蝉,具有潜在风险的有茶褐蓑蛾、茶棍蓟马及茶黄蓟马。茶双毛壳孢叶斑病和雪蛾蜡蝉为陕西首次发现,茶赤叶斑病、透明疏广翅蜡蝉、茶褐蓑蛾、桑褐剌蛾、扁剌蛾、红点龟形小剌蛾、茶银尺蠖、茶用克尺蠖、幻带黄毒蛾、瓦同缘蝽、梨蛣铃、茶棍蓟马等12种病虫为陕西茶园首次报道。[结论]该研究为茶园病虫害防治提供了理论基础,为茶叶安全生产提供科学依据。

[Objective]Present study was conducted to clarify the species, damage characteristics, and frequency of disea ses and insect pests in tea garden in Shangluo. [Methods] The species and distribution of insect pests and diseases in Shangluo tea plantation were investigated between 2015 and 2018 with general survey, systematic monitoring, and trapping methods. [Results] The study identified 11 fungal diseases, and 22 insect species which belonged to 6 orders and 14 families. Based on the incidence frequency and injury level, the main diseases and insect pests of Shangluo tea garden were determined as Colletotrichum camelliae Massee, Pestalotiopsis theae （Sawata） Steyaert, Phyllosticta theicola Perch, Phyllosticta gemmiphliae Chen et Hu, Empoasca flavescens （Fab） and Empoasca vitis Gothe, and po tential risky insect pests included Mahasena colona Sonan, Dendrothrips minowai Priesner and Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood. Both Discosia theae Cavara and Nivalios punctatus Zhan, Peng ＆ Wang were the first recorded species in in Shaanxi province. Twelve disease and insect species, such as Phyllosticta theicola Perch, Euricania clara Kato, Ma hasena colona Sonan, Setora postornata （Hampson）, Thosea sinensis Walker, Narosa nigrisigna Wileman, Scopula subpunctaria （Herrich Schaeffer）, Junkowskia athlete Oberthur, Euproctis varians （Walker） , Homoeocerus walkeria nus Lethierry et Severin, Calyptotrypus hibinonis Matsumura, and Dendrothrips minowai Priesner, were the first re ported species in tea gardens of Shaanxi province. [Conclusion] Present study provided a theoretical basis for pest con trol on tea plants and provided scientific basis for safe tea production.