托尼·莫里森《最蓝的眼睛》之生态女性主义解读

An Ecofeminist Analysis of Toni Morrison's “The Bluest Eye”

托尼·莫里森是美国著名的黑人女作家,曾经获得过诺贝尔文学奖。《最蓝的眼睛》是莫里森的第一部长篇小说,内中描述了以皮科拉为代表的黑人女性的悲惨故事。生态女性主义是伴随上个世纪60年代环境运动与女权主义运动而起的一种颇具活力的社会思潮,该思潮反对人类中心论和男性中心论。用生态女性主义解读《最蓝的眼睛》,我们可以发现,资本主义世界不仅自然生态出了问题,而且内中的女性,尤其是黑人女性的社会生态和精神生态也都在遭受污染。《最蓝的眼睛》告诉我们,在资本主义世界,所谓自由,仅仅是资本的自由,是资本任意攫取资源、奴役女性的自由,是白人恣意蹂躏黑人,尤其是黑人女性的自由。

Tony Morrison, the famous American women writer, has won the Nobel Prize in Literature. The Bluest Eyes is Morrison＇s first novel, which depicts the tragic story of Pecola, representative of black women. Ecofeminism is a dynamic social trend that followed the environmental movement and feminist movement in the 1960 s. The movement opposed anthropocentrism and masculinity. The analysis of The Bluest Eye from the perspective of ecofeminist enables us to learn that the problems in the capitalist world exist not only in natural ecology, but also in women, especially the social and spiritual ecology of black women. The Bluest Eyes tells us that in the capitalist world, the so-called freedom is only the freedom of capital to arbitrarily grabing resources and enslave women. It is the freedom of whites to ravaging the blacks, especially black women.