西安市雁塔区养老服务体系建设调研

Investigation on the Construction of Endowment Service System in Yanta District of Xi'an City

目的以西安市雁塔区为缩影,了解当代中国养老服务体系建设现状,并提出一定的解决构想。方法采用随机抽样调查方法,从2018年3月8日～15日在西安市雁塔区的不同社区内发放调查问卷,得到有效问卷124份。问卷内容包括老年人的基本信息、老年人生存状况、社区养老服务建设情况、养老体系发展情况。结果调查数据科学有效,具有普适性;调查对象月收入/支出偏低,受教育程度不高;调查者中78.22%的老年人仍为传统的自我养老服务模式,87.10%的老年人参加了医疗保险,患病情况下89.52%的老年人由配偶及子女抚养,尚有10.48%的老年人处于无人护理的状态;受访对象对社区养老服务设施和内容满意程度不高,认为"一般"的人数约占50.00%;83.87%的调查对象愿意接受养老机器人服务,但54.84%的受访者不愿意接受保险护理制度。结论目前社区提供的养老服务设施及内容均不完善,我国现存养老制度仍有待改进,可从政府鼓励民间资本投入、发挥互联网优势、完善老人长期护理保险制度等方面多管齐下,真正提升老年人生活质量。

Objective Taking the Yanta District of Xi＇an as a microcosm, we will understand the current situation of the construction of the old-age care service system in China, and propose a certain solution. Methods A random sample survey method was used to distribute questionnaires from different communities in Yanta District, Xi＇an from March 8 to 15, 2018, and 124 valid questionnaires were obtained. The questionnaire included basic information about the elderly, the living conditions of the elderly, the construction of community pension services, and the development of the pension system. Results The survey data was scientific and effective, and it was universal. The monthly income/expenditure of the respondents was low and the education level was not high. 78.22% of the respondents were still in the traditional self-nursing service mode,87.10% of the elderly participated in medical insurance. 89.52% of the elderly were raised by spouses and children, and 10.48% of the elderly were in unattended state. The respondents were satisfied with the community pension facilities and contents. The degree is not high, and the number of ＂general＂ people is about 50.00%; 83.87% of the respondents are willing to accept the service of pension robots, but 54.84% of the respondents are unwilling to accept the insurance care system. Conclusion At present, the old-age service facilities and contents provided by the community are not perfect. The existing pension system in China still needs to be improved. It can be improved from the government＇s encouragement of private capital investment, the advantage of the Internet, and the improvement of the elderly long-term care insurance system. The quality of life of people.