欧洲云杉无性系遗传变异及早期选择

Genetic Variation and Early Evaluation of Picea abies Clones

分析欧洲云杉无性系对比试验测定林各无性系生长性状的变异状况并进行早期选择,为发展我国欧洲云杉无性系林业提供优质遗传材料。以在甘肃小陇山建立的欧洲云杉无性系试验测定林的117个无性系为研究对象,评价其8年生生长性状的遗传变异,并根据单株材积选择优良无性系。结果表明,树高、胸径、新梢长、冠幅和单株材积在无性系间均存在极显著差异,各性状的重复力均>0.69。按照单株材积总平均值加1倍标准差选择出17个优良无性系,平均单株材积为19.16×10-4 m3,预期遗传增益27.70%～76.06%。按单株材积总平均值加2倍标准差选出4个优良无性系,平均单株材积为24.24×10-4 m3,预期遗传增益>50%。欧洲云杉无性系间的遗传变异丰富,选出的17个优良无性系是后续育种工作的重要资源。

This paper analyzed genetic variation and early selection of Picea abies clones to provide a reliable basis for the thinning of P.abies clonal trial forest and high-quality genetic materials for the development of P.abies clones in China.Taking 117 clones in the P.abies clones experimental forests that were established in Xiaolong Mountain of Gansu Province as the research objects,genetic variations of the growth traits of 8-year-old trees were evaluated,and excellent clones according to genetic gain of volume were selected.There were significant differences between tree height,diameter at breast height （DBH）,shoot length,crown width and single plant in clones system.The repetition force of each trait was greater than 0.69.Seventeen superior clones were selected according to the overall average values of a single plant volume plus 1 time standard deviation.The average single plant volume was 19.16×10 -4 m 3 and expected genetic gain was 27.70%-76.06%.Four superior clones were selected according to the overall average values of a single plant volume plus 2 times standard deviation,the average single plant volume was 24.24×10 -4 m 3 and expected genetic gain was greater than 50%.The results suggested that the abundant genetic variation existed between the clones of P.abies ,Seventeen excellent clones may be the important resources for the follow-up breeding work.