论昭通乡土小说中的苦难抒写

On the Consciousness of Suffering in Zhaotong Local Novels

人类社会自古以来充满了苦难。关注和抒写苦难是一切伟大作家的自觉使命,昭通乡土小说作家们对于底层民众,如农民、城市打工仔、乡村留守儿童、孤儿、光棍、小贩、残疾人、孤寡老人、病而无医者以及为生活所迫而卖身的青年女性们等各类弱势群体的苦难给予了深切关注与悲悯,表现出了可贵的社会责任感和人文精神。但昭通乡土作家们笔下的苦难抒写也存在着一些艺术缺陷,如对人类苦难的根源揭示过浅,没有上升到悲剧哲学的高度反思人类的苦难,没有充分认识到苦难对人类灵魂的净化和升华作用。上述艺术缺陷是昭通乡土作家们在今后的小说创作中应当予以克服的。

Human society has been full of suffering since ancient times. It is the conscious mission of all great writers to pay attention to and express suffering. Zhaotong local novelists are all vulnerable for the bottom people, such as poor peasants, city migrant workers, rural left-behind children, orphans, bachelors, hawkers, the disabled, widows, lonely and elder people, the sick without medical aid and the young women who sell themselves for the sake of living. They give suffering deep concern and compassion, showing their valuable social responsibility and humanistic spirit. However, there are also some artistic defects in Zhaotong local writers＂ description of suffering, such as the shallow revelation of the causes of human suffering, failing to reflect suffering to the altitude of tragic philosophy, and failing to fully realize the purifying and sublimating function of suffering. These artistic defects need to be overcome by Zhaotong local writers in their future writing.