从《苔丝》及其两种中译本看英汉语言动静之特点

Static English and Dynamic Chinese——Contrastive Analysis through Tess of the D’urbervilles and its Two Versions in Chinese

本文从对比语言学角度分析了英汉语言动静之特点,即英语的静态特征与汉语的动态特征。文章选择了两方面来阐述英语的静态特征:名词优势、弱式动词;汉语的动态特征则主要体现在动词的使用上。结合《苔丝》及其两种中译本,通过对比分析,英汉语言的动静特征得以阐明。文中所举之例均选自ThomasHardy的TessoftheD’urbervilles以及分别由张谷若与孙法理译的中译本。对英汉语言特点的明晰有助于外语教学、翻译以及双语词典的编纂等方面的工作。

This paper analyzes the static feature of English and dynamic one of Chinese through contrastive analysis (CA). In this paper the static characteristic of English is clarified from two aspects: preponderance of nouns, feeble verbs; while the dynamic characteristic of Chinese is reflected by the frequent and flexible use of verbs. This paper analyzes the similarities and the dissimilarities of the two versions in Chinese in this aspect. And this distinctive feature between English and Chinese gets illustrated with the original text. Some suitable examples are selected from three books which are Tess of the D’urbervilles written by Thomas Hardy and its two versions in Chinese translated by Zhang Guruo and Sun Fali respectively. By making the contrastive analysis, we can get better understanding of the language features of English and Chinese, and it is very helpful for FL teaching, translation and lexicography.