糖尿病与非糖尿病患者脑梗死临床特征比较

Comparison of Clinical Features of Cerebral Infraction of Diabetic Patients and Non-diabetic Patients

目的比较糖尿病与非糖尿病患者脑梗死差异,探讨其他临床特征。方法选择2014年1月—2018年2月糖尿病合并脑梗死42例患者与非糖尿病脑梗死患者同期42例作为研究对象,两组均给予脑梗死常规治疗,对空腹血糖>11mmol/L的糖尿病患者给予小剂量胰岛素,6.5~11.0 mmol/L的糖尿病患者给予口服降糖药及控制饮食。结果糖尿病合并脑梗死患者NHSS评分(22.65±5.33)分、重型脑梗死28.57%、大面积脑梗死28.57%、多发性脑梗死38.10%、腔隙性脑梗死33.33%、病程中并发症38.10%、住院时间(21.65±5.25)d全部高于非糖尿病合并脑梗死患者15.65±4.28、9.52%、11.90%、14.29%、9.52%、14.29%、(16.03±4.27)d(t/χ~2=3.50、7.15、4.03、5.87、4.26、6.40、3.89,P<0.05);患者年龄(56.11±14.02)岁及痊愈23.81%低与非糖尿病合并脑梗死患者(64.98±13.08)岁、47.62%(t/χ~2=3.37、5.47 P<0.05)。结论糖尿病伴脑梗死伴患者病情更为严重,且预后差,因此要做好血糖控制,同时结合糖尿病的发病特点进行综合治疗。

Objective To compare the difference in the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients and study the other clinical features. Methods 42 cases of patients with diabetes combined with cerebral infraction and patients with non-diabetic patients combined with cerebral infraction in our hospital from January 2014 to February 2018 were selected as the research objects, both groups used the routine therapy, and the diabetes patients whose fasting blood glucose〉 11mmol/L used the small-dose insulin, and the diabetes patients whose fasting blood was 6.5-11.0mmol/L used the oral administration of hypoglycemic agents and controlled the diet. Results The NHSS score, incidence rates of severe cere- bral infraction, massive cerebral infarction, multiple infarction, lacunar infarction, and complications and length of stay in the patients with diabetes combined with cerebral infraction were higher than those of patients with non-diabetes patients with cerebral infraction [（22.65±5.33）points, 28.57%, 28.57%, 38.10%, 33.33%, 38.10%, （21.65±5.25） d vs （15.65±4.28）points, 9.52%, 11.90%, 14.29%, 9.52%, 14.29%, （16.03±4.27） d,the different was statistically significant （t/χ^2=3.50, 7.15, 4.03, 5.87, 4.26, 6.40, 3.89, P〈0.05） , and the age and cure rate of patients with diabetes combined with cerebral infraction and patients with non-diabetes and cerebral infraction1 were respectively （56.11_±14.02） years old, 23.81% and （64.98_±13.08） years old, 47.62% ,the different was statistically significant （t/χ^2=3.37, 5.47 P0.05）. Conclusion The patients with diabetes with cerebral infraction have a more serious disease and worse prognosis, therefore, we should do well in the blood glucose control, and conduct the comprehensive treatment of onset features of dia- betes.