试论亟待建立的一个地质学分支——名胜地质学

ON THE SCENERY GEOLOGY-A BRANCH OF GEOLOGY DEMANDING PROMPT ESTABLISHMENT

随着我国旅游事业的发展,自然界众多的山川湖泊、奇峰怪石、泉潭瀑布、峡屿矶洲以及洞穴石窟等具有自然美感的名山胜水,有的已作为风景名胜供游人观光揽胜,有的正作为旅游资源得到开发和利用。具有自然美感的名山胜水,一般有着“雄”、“奇”、“险”、“秀”、“幽”、“旷”、“幻”等形象特征,而这些美的形象特征又都是在不同的地质环境中形成的,并且在地质学上具有一定的典型性。比如,以雄伟险峻著称的泰山和华山,是在断层比较发育、地壳上升运动比较强烈的地区,由成组断层所切而隆起的断块山;奇险的黄山,其山坡陡峭、悬崖壁立的奇景,与花岗岩山体节理发育有着密切的关系;美不胜收的桂林山水,原来是石灰岩在地表水和地下水作用下形成的;

All the well-known scenic spots were formed under certain geological circumstances and are of significance in the view of geolgy.Even those places of historic interest and scenic beauty are closely related to geo'ogical structures, rock characteristics and the geo'ogical environment.On the basis of dealing with the scenery resources in our country, the authors propose the concept of'scenery geology'and attempt to set it up as a new branch of geology.The scope of the suggested new branch is restricted to the surface of the earth. Its contents include: (1)the geology of mountains and rivers, (2)the geology related to human civilization, (3)the geology of the environment of scenic spots and(4)the geology of scientific tourism.It is important to start the research for developing the business of tourism in our country and it is also significant for the utilization and protection of the scenery resources,the reasonable p'anning of those resources,the spread of the ABC of geology and the propogation of dialectical materialism and doing away with ideal is superstitions.