论Kwangsiphyllum及其演化

NOTES ON THE GENUS KWANGSIPHYLLUM AND ITS EVOLUTION

最近作者在整理湖南及广东早石炭世皱纹珊瑚材料的过程中,发现在湖南邵东和广东连县等地石磴子组中、下部产有丰富的Kwangsiphyllum标本,共生的珊瑚化石有Eridophyllum,Thysanophyllum,Thysanophylloides,Thysanophyllum等属,其中Kwangsiphyllum一属包括有K.permicum和K.chui两种类型。在系统发育方面清楚地表现Kwangsiphyllum与Eridophyllum,Diphyphyllum,Thysanophylloides等属之间有着密切的连系。因此,这类珊瑚可以作为单独的一个类型。

Through recent study on the Lower Carboniferous rugose corals collected from Hunan and Guangdong, the authors found that there were abundant coral specimens of the genus Kwangsiphyllum in the lower and middle part of the Shi-dengzi Formation in Shaodong district of Hunan Province and in Liengxian District of Guangdong Province. And the genus Kwangsiphyllum was associated with genera Eridophyllum, Diphyphyllum,Thysanophylloides,Thysanophyllum, etc.At the present time there are three different opinions on the diagnoses of the genus Kwangsiphyllum, namely, 1) there is no dissepiment in this genus; 2) the genus Kwangsiphyllum may develope dissepiments, and 3) because the disse-pimentarium is built up of large elongated dissepiments, a new genus Parakwa-ngsiphyllum Zhang is suggested. The authors agree that the new name Parakwa-ngsiphyllum may be used in cases where large dissepiments are imperfectly traversed by the septa.The evolution of the Kwangsiphyllum permicum was along two different directions.One was that the genus Parakwangsiphyllum seemed to have been derived from the Kwangsiphyllum permicum. The other was that the genus Eridophv-llum might also have been derived from the Kwangsiphyllum permicum, and the genus Diphyphyllum was linked to its ancestry the genus Eridophyllum, which is characterized by the increasing in septal number and in aulos diameter. The same character in the early stage of ontogeny of the genera Parakwangsiphyllum and Eridophyllum shows that they both had passed through the stage of the Kwangsiphyllum permicum.In this paper a new Family Kwangsiphyllidae is established and divided into two subfamilies, Kwangsiphyllinae and Diphyphyllinae.The genera Kwangsiphyllum, Parakwangsiphyllum, Thysanophylloides, Thysanophyllum and Lithcs-trotionella may be included in the subfamily Kwangsiphyllinae. The genera Eri~ dophyllum, Hillaulina, Hexagonaulina, Aulina, Diphyphyllum, Vesiculotubus, Aulostylus and Nemistium should be included in the subfamily Diphyphyllinae.