松花江佳木斯段潜水脆弱性评价

Phreatic Vulnerability Assessment in Jiamusi Section of Songhua River

鉴于松花江流域地下水的重要性和当前污染,运用改进的DRASTIC模型,对松花江佳木斯段5～10 km范围内潜水进行了脆弱性评价。选取净补给量、包气带介质、含水层厚度、地下水水位埋深、土地利用类型、污染源影响和地下水开采模数建成评价指标体系;采用层次分析法确定各指标权重,结合GIS技术实现了脆弱性分区,并将结果与地下水质评价结果进行对比;最后通过敏感度分析讨论了所选指标的合理性。结果表明:地下水脆弱性相对较低和低脆弱区共占研究区面积的82.76%;较高和高的区域仅占8.13%,主要分布在七水厂、江北水源地以及污染强度较大的点源污染周围。地下水埋深、包气带岩性和地下水开采模数是对潜水脆弱性影响最大的因素。评价结果比较真实地反映了松花江佳木斯段潜水脆弱性状况,对城市规划建设和地下水资源的可持续利用具有指导意义。

Due to the importance and current contamination of the groundwater in the area of Songhua River,phreatic vulnerability assessment was conducted using the improved DRASTIC model at 5-10 km long Jiamusi section.Net recharge,vadose zone material,aquifer thickness,water depth,land use,impact of pollutants and module of groundwater yield were chosen to set up the assessment system.It was combined with GIS to obtain a vulnerability map,which was confirmed by the groundwater quality.Moreover,the rationality of the indicators was examined by removal sensitivity analysis.The results showed that low and relatively low vulnerability areas covered 82.76% of the area.High and relatively high vulnerability areas accounted for 8.13% at the seventh water plant,Jiangbei water sources and around some contaminated point sources.Groundwater depth,vadose zone material and module of groundwater yield were the most important factors to determine the phreatic vulnerability.The phreatic vulnerability in Jiamusi section of Songhua River was presented by the assessment which could be important for urban planning and sustainable utilization of water resources in basin and the key cities along the River.