试论日本禅宗与武士道的关系

On the Relationship Between Japanese Zen and Bushido

日本镰仓幕府时期,武士阶层兴起,以杀伐为生的武士一变成为统治阶层,武士政治地位的提高,迫切需要具备与自己政治地位相适应的文化,而镰仓新兴佛教正好适应了这种要求,特别是禅宗传入日本后,被尚处于学习期的日本文化迅速吸收同化,以其"不立文字,直指人心,见性成佛,顿悟生死"简明教义及修法迅速成为武士佛教,丰富了武士道的思想内涵,成为武士道的行为规范。禅宗作为一种意志宗教,对于加强武士个人修养、培养武士的胆气、满足其精神需要起到了重要作用。

In Kamakura Shogunate period, Japanese samurai killing for living became the ruling class. With theirpolitical status being improved greatly, they urgently needed a suitable culture, to which Kamakura emergingBuddhism was adapted, particularly after the introduction of Zen Buddhism into Japan, it was rapidly assimilated byJapanese culture. With ＂no writing, direct to heart, see the ponder, the insight of life and the death＂, Japanese Zenquickly became samurai Buddhism, enriching bushido and became the bushido code of conduct. As a will religion,Japanese Zen has played a key role in strengthening samurai＇s personal cultivation, cultivating their courage andsatisfying their spiritual needs.