再探日本“幼小衔接”问题——基于其幼儿园教育内容的历史演变

A Restudy on the Connection of Preschool and Primary School Education in Japan ——In view of the historical development of Japan's preschool education

日本学前教育内容"五个领域"的确立经过了一个漫长的历程,这始终是一个"去小学化"的过程。"五个领域"在"幼小衔接",尤其是在教育课程衔接方面,发挥着重要的积极作用。"五个领域"是日本学前教育"去小学化"的重要媒介。日本倡导的"幼小衔接"不是将幼儿园教育内容"五个领域"与小学的教育科目强行粘合在一起,而是以孩子的主体性为中心,帮助孩子更好地从以游戏为中心的学前生活,向以学习为中心的小学阶段过渡。今天日本开展的"幼小衔接"工作主要分为四个类型,具备四个重要特征。

The establishment of the ＂five fields＂ of Japanese preschool education has gone through a long process, whichis always a process of ＂removing some contents of the primary school＂. The ＂five fields＂, which is an important mediumof ＂removing the contents of primary school＂ in Japan＇s preschool education, has played an important role in the＂connection of preschool and primary school＂, especially in the connection of educational curriculum. The connection ofpreschool and primary education does not mean to connect the contents of preschool education ＂five fields＂ and primaryeducation subjects forcibly, but to make children＇s subjectivity as the center in order to help children better transit fromthe kindergarten life in which the play is focused to the primary section in which learning is centered. Nowadays, the＂connection of preschool and primary school＂ launched in Japan is mainly divided into four types.