健康宣教标准路径对老年白血病护理中的应用及效果

Application and Effect of Health Education Standard Path on Nursing of Elderly Leukemia

目的研究健康宣教标准路径对老年白血病护理中的应用及效果。方法方便选择2015年3月—2017年6月在医院诊治的老年白血病患者64例,随机分为常规组和标准组各32例,其中常规组采用常规护理方式,标准组在常规组基础上采用健康宣教标准路径进行护理,两组均护理2个化疗周期,约30 d。观察并比较两组护理后采用自拟健康教育问卷评价健康教育知晓;并采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分评估护理干预前后患者心理状况;护理干预后,患者及家属进行护理满意度评价。结果护理干预后,标准组白血病相关知识认知、不良反应预防、正确治疗及护理措施、出院后饮食及运动保健知晓率,均高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=3.952、4.046、7.878、8.010,P<0.05)。护理干预后,标准组焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.360、4.354,P<0.05)。护理干预后,标准组护理满意率为100.00%,明显高于常规组90.63%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.55,P<0.05)。结论采用健康宣教标准路径对老年白血病进行护理,能明显提高护理满意度降低并发症发生。

Objective To study the application and effect of health education standard path in the treatment of senile leukemia. Methods 64 elderly patients with leukemia who were treated in the hospital from March 2015 to June 2017 were convenient selected and randomly divided into the conventional group and the standard group, 32 of which were routine care. The standard group was used on the basis of the routine group. The health education standard path used for nursing, and both groups were nursing 2 chemotherapy cycles for about 30 days. After observing and comparing the two groups of nursing, the self-designed health education questionnaire was used to evaluate the health education awareness. The self- rating anxiety scale （SAS） and the depression self-rating scale （SDS） were used to evaluate the psychological status of the patients before and after the nursing intervention. After the nursing intervention, patients and their families performed nurs- ing satisfaction evaluation. Results After nursing intervention, the knowledge of cognitive knowledge, prevention of adverse reactions, correct treatment and nursing measures, and awareness of diet and exercise health after discharge were higher in the standard group than in the conventional group. The difference was statistically significant （X2=3.952, 4.046, 7.878, 8.010, P〈0.05）. After the nursing intervention, the standard group anxiety self-rating scale （SAS） and depression self-rating scale （SDS） scores were lower than the conventional group, and the difference was statistically significant （t=4.360, 4.354, P〈0.05）. After the nursing intervention, the satisfaction rate of the standard group was 100.00%, which was significantly higher than that of the conventional group （90.63%）. The difference was statistically significant （X2=6.55, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Using the standard route of health education to care for elderly leukemia can significantly improve the satisfaction of nursing and reduce the incidence of complications.