试析孔子道德教育思想的实践理路

Analysis of the Practical Way of Confucius's Moral Education Thought

春秋战国时期尚德思潮高涨,注重心性发展之德。孔子在长期教学实践中,讲仁明礼,力倡德育,提出知德、据德、修德、崇德、尚德、怀德等观点。他以"志于道,据于德,依于仁,游于艺"为理论基础,综合道德仁艺,开创了下学艺文、中继仁德、上达人道的道德教育实践理路,形成志于道、始于艺、终于道、涵养仁德于其中的德育思想,为后世的道德教育理论与实践提供了重要的思想资源与历史启示。

During the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States period, there was a rising trend of advocating virtues and a focus on the development of human mind and nature. In the long-term teaching practice, Confucius talked about benevolence and courtesy, advocated moral education, and put forward many viewpoints such as knowing, basing on, cultivating, advocating, esteeming, and cherishing the morality. Confucius took ＂aiming at the Dao, basing on the morality, depending on the benevolence, enjoying learning Six Arts＂ as his theoretical foundation, and integrated the four sides to create his own moral education practical way including learning classic literature and Six Arts, inheriting the benevolence and morality, and reaching humanity, thus, formed his moral education thought of aiming at Tao, beginning with Six Arts, ending with Tao, cultivating self-restraint, benevolence and morality. All have provided important thought resources and historical enlightenments for the later generations＇ moral education theory and teaching practice.