沈从文重构“乡土中国”的文化机制与话语实践

On the Cultural Mechanism and Discourse Practice of Shen Congwen's Reconstruction of " Rural China"

沈从文营构"乡土中国"的文学实践需要从发生学的角度予以考量。"居城怀乡"的创伤体验勾联了"乡土中国"和"现代中国"的深微关系,也表征了其所集聚的悖论性的思想渊源。作为一种现代认知装置的"返乡旅行"照见了一个"民族的旅行",开启了"乡土中国"的发现历程。有感于文运的堕落和乡土德性的流变,作家将"重构经典"和"民族精神重造"统合起来,自觉融入于现代知识分子现代民族国家想象的文化传统中。沈从文这种从边缘求其资源的想象方式有效地融通了乡土与都市的关系性和能动性,也赋予了其乡土中国书写深厚的文化内涵。

Shen Congwen＇s literary practice in constructing ＂rural China＂ needs to be considered from the perspective of genesis.The traumatic experience of ＂living in the city and feeling nostalgic＂ not only connects the deep and subtle relationship between ＂rural China＂ and ＂ modern China＂,but also indicates the paradoxical ideological origin.As a modern cognitive device, ＂ homecoming trip＂ takes a view of a ＂national journey＂ and opens the discovery process of ＂rural China＂.Influenced by the degeneration of literary movement and the change of rural virtue,the writer integrates the ＂reconstruction of classics＂ and ＂reconstruction of national spirit＂ into the cultural tradition of modern intellectuals＇ imagination of modern nation-state.Shen Congwen,with an imaginative way of seeking the resources from the edge,effectively integrates the relationship and initiative between the rural and urban areas,and also endows his rural Chinese writing with profound cultural connotation.