《粮食和农业植物遗传资源国际条约》的实施进展和改革动态——以获取和惠益分享多边系统为中心

The Implementation Progress and Reform Developments on the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture——Focusing on the Multilateral System of Access and Benefit-sharing

本文解释了《粮食和农业植物遗传资源国际条约》核心制度——获取和惠益分享多边系统的法律构造,综述和评析了多边系统的实施进展和改革动态。总体来看,多边系统的实施取得了显著进展,但面临着诸多挑战。管理机构酝酿从修改《标准材料转让协议》和扩大多边系统的范围两方面入手对多边系统进行重大改革,相关措施和方案已经成形并提交给管理机构供考虑。

The article interprets the legal construction of the Multilateral System of Access and Benefit-sharing （MLS） which is the core of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. This arti- cle summarizes and analyzes the implementation progress and reform developments of the MLS. As summarized, it is clearly visible that significant progress has been made in the implementation of the MLS, but a lot of challenges remain to be responded. The Treaty＇s Governing Body is considering reforming the MLS by revising the Standard Material Transfer Agreement and expanding the coverage of the MLS. Relevant measures and strategies have been formulated and have been submitted to the Governing Body for consideration.