人工智能时代的国际关系研究:挑战与机遇

Artificial Intelligence:Challenges and Opportunities for International Studies

海量数据的出现和计算机计算能力的大幅提升带来了人工智能的极大发展。高速发展的人工智能给国际关系研究的本体论、认识论和方法论带来较大的挑战,同时也带来一些机遇。人工智能的发展,在国际关系研究的本体论方面,可能会弱化民族国家的地位、打破民族国家的内部均衡和外部均衡;在认识论方面,会在很大程度上冲击到人们对国际关系学知识的性质和获取方式的看法;在方法论方面,对传统的定性和定量研究方法既形成了挑战,也带来重要的机遇。面对人工智能发展给国际关系研究带来的影响,我国应当优化产业支持策略、进一步重视数据安全、监控人工智能发展的风险、支持用机器学习的方式对国际关系展开研究。

With the emergence of big data and the dramatic gains in computing capability,artificial intelligence(AI)has made significant progress.This brings both challenges and opportunities for international studies in terms of ontology,epistemology and methodology.Ontologically,AI may weaken the status of nation-states,disrupting both their internal and external equilibrium.Regarding epistemology,AI will raise problems with our understanding of the nature of knowledge and the acquisition of knowledge.It will also pose methodological challenges for the traditional qualitative and quantitative research methods.In order to deal with this challenge,we should adopt an optimal industrial strategy where we pay more attention to data security by preventing data from leaking to foreign countries or being monopolized by a few large enterprises,monitor risks inherent in AI,and support the use of machine learning in international studies.