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8JOHN JACOB CLAYTON. Saul Bellow: in Defense of Man [ M ]. Bloomington London: Indiana University Press, 1968: 75.
9ADA AHARONI. Women in Saul Bellow's novels [ M ]// GLORIA L CRONIN, BLAINE H HALL. Saul Bellow in the 1980s:A Collection of Critical Essays. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press,1989:3.