基于德尔菲法的重症监护室患者家属赋能心理护理量表构建

Development of the empowerment psychological nursing scale for family members of ICU patients by using Delphi method

目的采用德尔菲法(Delphi)构建一项关于ICU患者家属赋能心理的护理量表。方法遴选出22名专家,综合运用文献法和访谈法,初步确定ICU患者家属赋能心理护理量表项目清单。采用Delphi法,进行2轮专家咨询,确定最终项目。结果初步确定了20项护理项目,包括自我支持、情感支持、专业支持3个维度,编制问卷后进行2轮专家咨询,两轮的专家积极性均为100%,权威系数均数0. 91,专家的积极性高、权威程度可靠。在第二轮咨询中,变异系数最大为0. 30,最小为0. 12,Cronbach's α系数为0. 796,专家的评估结果趋于一致。经课题组专家讨论后,最终构建了一套包含3个维度、19个具体条目的 ICU患者家属赋能心理护理量表。结论基于Delphi法构建的关于ICU患者家属赋能心理护理量表,体现了危重症患者家属心理护理的要点,可为临床护理参考。

Objective To develop a empowerment psychological nursing scale for family members of ICU patients by using Delphi method. Methods Literature review and interview were used to determine the item list of empowerment psychological nursing scale for family members of ICU patients. Totally 22 experts were selected, and the Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation to determine the final project. Results A total of 20 nursing items were initially identified, including self-support, emotional support and professional support. Both rounds of experts were 100% enthusiastic and the authority coefficient was 0.91. The experts were highly enthusiastic and reliable. In the second round of consultation, the maximum coefficient of variation was 0.30, the minimum was 0.12, the Cronbach＇s α was 0.796, and the evaluation results of experts tended to be consistent. Finally, a set of psychological scales containing 3 dimensions and 19 specific entries was constructed. Conclusion The empowerment psychological nursing scale for family members of ICU patients by using Delphi method showed the key points of psychological nursing for critically ill patients, which can be used as a reference for clinical nursing.