精神科住院患者护理风险评估及干预方法

Nursing risk assessment and intervention methods for psychiatric inpatients

目的评估并分析精神科住院患者的护理风险,总结护理干预措施。方法选取2015年9月—2016年8月医院精神科住院患者251例为对照组,2016年9月—2017年8月精神科住院患者258例为观察组。对照组给予常规护理,观察组根据护理风险评估结果采取安全管理措施。观察2组约束保护措施使用情况及意外事件发生情况。结果观察组约束保护措施使用率为18. 60%,低于对照组的27. 49%(P <0. 05)。观察组意外事件总发生率为1. 55%,低于对照组的8. 37%(P <0. 01)。结论对精神科住院患者实施护理风险评估及对应干预措施,有助于提高患者住院期间的安全性。

Objective To evaluate the potential risks in nursing care of psychiatric inpatients, and to summarize related nursing interventions. Methods Totally 251 psychiatric inpatients with admission date between September, 2015 and August, 2016 were included as the control group, another 258 psychiatric inpatients with admission date between September, 2016 and August, 2017 were included as the observation group. Patients in the control group received routine care during hospitalization. In the observation group, the targeted nursing interventions based on the nursing risk assessment were carried out. The application condition of protective constraint and incidence of adverse events were observed and compared between two groups. Results The proportion of patients with protective constraint was lower in the observation group than that in the control group （18.60% vs. 27.49%, P 〈0.05）. The overall rate of adverse events was 1.55% in the observation group and was 8.37% in the control group, with a significant difference （ P 〈0.01）. Conclusion It is required to assess the risks in nursing care of psychiatric inpatients, and to carry out preventive measures to ensure the safety of patients during hospitalization.