基于互文隐喻分析的中国当代企业家价值观特征探究

Exploration of the Values of Chinese Entrepreneurs Based on the Analysis of Intertextual Metaphor

在弘扬优秀企业家精神的时代背景下,正确理解当代中国企业家的价值观特征具有重要的现实意义。目前对企业家价值观的研究大多采用自我报告法,在揭示深藏的观念系统方面存在困难。对自然话语中的隐喻进行调查可以绕开对信息的防御和隐藏;不同主体话语间互文性分析则可探究不同主体间共享的意义及其态度。本研究尝试将隐喻和互文性结合起来考察企业家群体共享的价值系统,通过隐喻设别、互文隐喻设别和互文隐喻阐释等分析步骤,探究互文隐喻隐藏的话语主体对创业活动的价值判断。本文选取了54位民营企业家约27万字的语料,通过对语料的互文隐喻分析发现,中国当代企业家具有刚毅、创新、竞争、中等权力、低财富取向、低成就、低冒险和低独立的价值观特征,这与现有研究中关于中国企业家具有低创新、低竞争、低权力取向等特征形成对照。文章对本研究结论和已有研究观点之间差异的原因进行了分析。本研究表明互文隐喻分析是企业家价值观研究的一种有效方法,企业家话语分析是企业家研究的一种有效途径。

Entrepreneurs’ personal, professional and social values are key for the business to thrive. Under the background of carrying forward excellent entrepreneurship, it is of great practical signifi cance to correctly understand the value characteristics of contemporary Chinese entrepreneurs. Most existing researches on entrepreneur＇s values adopt self-report method, which is diffi cult to reveal the deep concept system. The investigation of metaphors in discourse can avoid the defense and concealment of information; meanwhile, the intertextuality analysis of the discourse of different subjects can explore the meaning and atti-tude shared by different subjects. This study attempts to combine metaphor and intertextuality to investigate the value system shared by entrepreneurs. Through the analysis of metaphor identifi cation, intertextuality identifi cation and intertextual metaphor interpretation, this study explores the value judgment of the discourse subject hidden by intertextual metaphor on entrepreneurial activities. This paper selects the corpus of about 270,000 words of 54 private entrepreneurs. Through the analysis of inter-textual metaphor of corpus, it is found that diligence （persistence）, creativity, competition, medium in power, low in wealth ori-entation, and low achievement, risk-taking and independence are the paramount values for Chinese entrepreneurs. The fi ndings are in contrast to the existing studies on the characteristics of Chinese entrepreneurs, such as low innovation, low competition and low power orientation, and the causes for such differences are discussed. This study demonstrates that intertextual metaphor analysis can be a useful method to explore the values of entrepreneurs, and entrepreneur discourse analysis is an effective approach to the study of entrepreneurs.