灌耕灰钙土农田土壤酶活性与养分的关系

Relation between Soil Enzyme Activity and Nutrient Content in Irrigated Farming Sierozem

【目的】比较并探究不同农田土壤酶活性与土壤养分间的关系,为土壤酶活性强弱来鉴别土壤类型的方法提供数据支持,同时为农田灌耕灰钙土的可持续利用提供理论基础。【方法】以新疆察布查尔县灌耕灰钙土农田土壤为研究对象,运用典型相关分析,研究5种样地土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶与土壤pH、土壤有机质(SOM)、土壤速效磷(AP)、土壤速效钾(AK)、土壤全氮(TN)、C/N的关系。【结果】不同样地土壤酶活性和土壤养分含量存在显著差异(P <0. 05),其中玉米和小麦的土壤酶活性和养分含量均较高,且耕层0～20 cm均明显高于底层40～60 cm;随着土层深度的增加,土壤SOM、AP、AN、TN和过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶等变化规律较为一致;不同样地土壤酶活性与土壤养分间均表现出一定的相关性,且单一酶和单一养分之间的相关关系存在差异;进一步的典型相关分析得到2对典型变量,其典型相关系数为0. 7921和0. 5455,均达到显著相关水平(P <0. 01)。【结论】说明综合土壤酶活性和养分间有密切关系,且该土壤类型中综合土壤酶活性起主要作用的是脲酶,综合土壤养分起主要作用的是土壤TN。

[ Objective] In order to support a method for soil enzyme activity to identify soil types and provide a theoretical basis for sustainable use of irrigated fainting sierozem soils, the relationship between soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient was compared and explored in diferent farmlands. [ Method] The irrigated farming sierozem soils in Qapqal county of Xinjiang were used as tested objects, by canonical correlation analysis, the relations of soil enzyme indexes （including catalase, urease, invertase） with soil nutrients（ pH, soil organic nmtter（ SOM）, a- vailable phosphorus（ AP）, available potassium（ AK）, total nitrogen （TN） and C/N） in five soil samples were studied to reveal its soil fer- tility. [ Result] There were significantly different in the soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient between the farmlands（ P 〈 0.05 ）, of which the soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient in tillage layer of 0 - 20 cm under corn and wheat were higher than that in the bottom of 40 - 60 cm; With the increase of soil depth, SOM, AP, AK, TN and catalase, urease, invertase followed similar trends ; Tbere was a certain correlation between soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient in different sample, the correlation between single enzyme and single nutrient was different; Two pairs of significant canonical variables were got by further analysis of canonical correlation, and the typical correlation coefficients were 0. 7921 and 0. 5455, which achieved notable correlation （P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] The results illustrated that there was close relationship between integrated soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients, the urease played a major role in the integrated soil enzyme activity, and TN played a major role in the integrated soil nutrient .