5个野生云耳菌株生物学特性的研究

Study on Biological Characteristics of Five Wild Auricularia auricular Strains

【目的】对5个野生云耳菌株TY041、TY071、TY081、TY026和YE1的生物学特性进行研究,为野生云耳品种筛选的栽培试验提供理论依据。【方法】以广西当前主栽黑木耳品种916和HME2作为对照,研究不同温度、氮碳素营养、酸碱性、含水量等条件对各菌株的菌丝长速和长势的影响及其抗霉菌性能的表现。【结果】5个野生云耳菌株和对照品种的最佳氮、碳源分别为酵母膏和葡萄糖;最适合菌丝生长温度为30℃,但在偏低的温度条件下野生云耳菌株的生长优于黑木耳对照品种;最适含水量为65%～70%;最适酸碱度为pH 8～9; TY081、TY026抗青霉菌的性能最好,且优于对照。【结论】5个野生云耳菌株和广西当地主栽的黑木耳对照品种的生物学特性基本一致,均可作为广西本土云耳优良新品种的筛选材料。

[ Objective] To provide a theoretical basis for cultivation of Auricularia auricular, the biological characteristics of five wild Auricu- laria auricular strains TY041, TY071, TY081 ,TY026 and YE1 were studied. [ Method]The effects of temperature, pH, moisture on myceli- um growth rate and growth vigour were researched and compared with two Auricularia auricula-judae varieties 916 and HME2, major cultivary in Guangxi at present. The antimicrobial activities of five wild Auricularia auricular strains to Penicillium sp. were also tested. [ Result] The results showed that optinmm carbon and nitrogen source was dextrose and yeast extract, respectively. 30 9C was optimal growth temperature. While at lower temperature the five wild strains grew better than the two control varieties. Optinmm moisture and pH was 65 % - 70 % and pH 8 -9, respectively. The antimicrobial activities of TY081 and TY026 were superior to the others. [ Conclusion] The biological characteris- tics of the five wild Auricularia auricular strains corresponded with two Auricularia auricula-judae varieties 916 and HME2. It was possible to select excellent local Auricularia auricular varieties of Guangxi from them.