低温胁迫下不同无核葡萄品种抗寒性的分析

Analysis of Cold Resistance of Different Seedless Grape Varieties under Low Temperature Stress

【目的】分析低温胁迫后不同无核葡萄品种的抗寒性,为北方地区抗寒育种提供理论依据。【方法】本试验以山葡萄,贝达和北醇为对照,3个无核葡萄品种(粉红无核、优无核、京早晶)为试材,通过对一年生枝条进行低温胁迫,测定相对电导率,应用Logistic方程拟合半致死温度(LT50),并测定低温胁迫下枝条的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、丙二醛(MDA)和游离脯氨酸的含量。并通过灰色关联分析,得出和抗寒性关联最大的抗寒指标。【结果】相对电导率总体呈上升趋势; SOD酶活性、POD酶活性和CAT酶活性均呈现先上升后下降;可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、MDA和游离脯氨酸的含量均呈上升趋势;和所研究葡萄品种关联度最高的抗寒指标是CAT,其次是POD和MDA。【结论】本试验研究得出供试材料抗寒性强弱为:山葡萄>贝达>北醇>粉红无核>优无核>京早晶,SOD酶活、POD酶活、CAT酶活、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、MDA和游离脯氨酸可作为鉴定葡萄抗寒性强弱的综合指标。本试验为北方寒冷地区葡萄生产、杂交育种、种质筛选以及抗寒新品种栽培提供科学理论依据。

[ Objective] The cold resistance of difl）rent seedless grape varieties under low temperature stress was analyzed, which provided a theoretical basis for cold-resistant breeding in northern China. [ Method] In this paper, V. amurensis, Beda and Beichun were used as con- trast, three seedless grape varieties （Pink seedless, Superior seedless, Jing zaojing） as tested materials, the relative electrical conductivity through the study of the low temperature stress of annual branches was determined, combining with the logistic equation fitting out lethal tem- perature （ LTso ）, the branches%ontents of superoxide dismutase （ SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （ CAT）, soluble protein, soluble sugar, malondialdehyde （MDA） and free proline under low temperature stress were determined, and through the gray correlation analysis, the most cold resistance index could be got. [ Result] The relative conductivity showed an upward trend; The enzyme＇s activity of SOD, POD, CAT were all increased firstly and then decreased; The contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, MDA and free proline had increas- ing trend; The cold index in the study of grape highest correlation was CAT, and the second was POD and MDA. [ Conclusion] The experi- mental results show that the cold hardiness of the tested materials ： V. amurensis 〉 Beda 〉 Beichun 〉 Pink seedless 〉 Superior seedless 〉 Jing zaojing, SOD enzyme activity, POD enzyme activity, CAT enzyme activity, soluble protein, soluble sugar, MDA and fi＇ee proline could be served as a comprehensive index for the identification of grape hardiness strengtb, which would provide a scientific basis for the grape pro- duction, cross breeding, germplasm selection and cultivation of new cold resistant varieties in northern cold regions.