内蒙古自治区二噁英重点排放源初探

The main dioxin emission sources in Inner Mongolia

二噁英是一类持久性有机污染物,具有难降解、生物蓄积、巨毒、远距离迁移等特性,中国履行斯德哥尔摩公约必须对全国的二噁英排放源以及排放特点有全面的了解,本文以内蒙古自治区作为研究对象,分行业制定调查表,对全区12个盟市、九大行业的二噁英排放情况进行了调查,系统解析了内蒙古自治区从2010-2016年二噁英排放变化,确定了内蒙古自治区二噁英排放的重点地区及重点行业。结果表明,七年间内蒙古自治区二噁英排放总量维持在64000-85000 mg-TEQ,各年度变化不大;铁矿石烧结、炼钢生产和焦炭生产三大行业排放量占全区排放总量的93.73%,是二噁英重点排放行业;包头、乌海、鄂尔多斯和乌兰察布四个市排放量占全区排放总量的84.63%,是二噁英重点排放地区。建议加大二噁英宣传力度,培养企业履约意识,改进生产工艺,从源头减少二噁英排放。

Dioxin, as a kind of persistent organic pollutants （POPs）, has some features, such as refractory, bioaccumulation, extremely toxic and long-distance migration. Grasping the dioxin emission source and characteristics comprehensively can make China fulflling the Stockholm convention better. In this paper, nine industries in twelve cities of Inner Mongolia were chosen as research objects. Different questionaries were made for corporations according to industry features. The most dioxin emissions in preference industries and areas in Inner Mongolia were determined through the emission data in 2010-2016. The result shows that the dioxin emissions in Inner Mongolia remain at 64000-85000 mg-TEQ each year. Most of dioxin emissions come from the corporations of iron ore sintering, steel-making and coking, accounting for 93.73% of the total emission in Inner Mongolia. Baotou, Wuhai and Ulanqab are main dioxin emission areas, accounting for 84.63% of the total emission. Suggesting that necessary measures should be taken to reduce the dioxin emissions, such as increasing propaganda, enhancing public consciousness of environmental protection and improving production process.