论幼儿同侪文化发展的定义、路径与策略——基于新童年社会学思想

On Definition,Approach and Strategy of Children's Peer Culture Development: Based on the New Sociology of Childhood

新童年社会学依据建构主义,从成人视角转向幼儿视角,批判传统社会学中成人支配儿童的逻辑,将幼儿变为文化发展的主体,提出幼儿是积极的社会行动者和建构者。幼儿同侪文化发展的过程不是简单地内化吸收,而是阐释性再构,是一种改造和革新,发展路径则依靠幼儿—成人互动常规、幼儿共享常规、次文化常规三种常规活动。促进幼儿同侪文化发展的策略,应遵循从宏观到微观的思路,依次包括:实现价值关注由未来转向当下生活、多元常规的固定发生和建构中语言工具的有效使用。

Based on constructivism,new sociology of childhood shifts from the adult perspective to the child perspective,criticizes the logic of adult domination of children in traditional sociology,turns children into the main body of cultural development,and puts forward that children are active social actors and constructors. The process of children's peer culture development is not simply internalized absorption,but interpretive reconstruction,which is a kind of transformation and innovation; the development path depends on three routine activities: children-adults interaction routine,child sharing routine,and sub-cultural routine. To promote the development of children's peer culture,we should follow the macro-to-micro thinking,which includes: changing the value attention from the future to the present life,fixed occurrence of multiple routines and the effective use of language tools in the construction.