“捣蛋”的语义演变及其运用

The Semantic Evolution Process of "Daodan" and Its Application

"捣蛋"一词出现于明末清初。"捣蛋"的形式演变链条为:将字句"将蛋捣烂"→动宾短语"捣*蛋"→双音节词"捣蛋",其语义演变链条为:陈述客观事实→负面陈述客观事实→一种具体的破坏行为→一般意义的破坏,是从具体到抽象,从个别到一般的演变。"捣蛋"与"倒蛋"是异形词关系,"捣蛋"作为语素构成复合词"小捣蛋"、"捣蛋鬼","捣蛋"作为离合词的使用情况也极其丰富。

The word ＂Daodan＂ appeared in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. The form evolution of ＂daodan＂ is as follows： JIANGsentence ＂jiang dan dao lan＂ →the verb-object phrase＂dao ＊ dan＂ →disyllable ＂daodan＂. And the chain of its semantic evolution whichevolved from concrete to abstract, from the individual to the general is： states the facts →states the facts negatively →a specific act of de-struction→the destruction of general.＂Dao dan＂ and ＂dao dan＂ are homophones. Besides,compound words which made up by morpheme＂Dao dan＂ is ＂xiao dao dan＂and ＂dao dan gui＂.And the usage of ＂dao dan＂as separable word is extremely abundant.