留守妇女与儿童焦虑的代际传递:有调节的中介效应

The Transmission of Anxiety from Left-behind Women to Children: Moderated Mediating Effect

基于发展系统论和社会提供论构建的有调节的中介模型,对322名留守、323名非留守母子进行为期半年共两次的追踪测查,考察家庭(母亲心理控制)、学校(教师支持)和同伴(朋友支持)系统对焦虑代际传递的影响机制。结果发现:(1)心理控制对留守、非留守母子焦虑的代际传递均起部分中介作用;(2)留守母子焦虑代际传递的中介效应受教师支持的调节,随教师支持水平的提高,中介效应变得不再显著;(3)留守、非留守母子焦虑代际传递的直接效应受朋友支持的调节,随朋友支持水平的提高,直接效应变得不再显著。未来研究可聚焦于母亲、教师、同伴的视角打破留守母子焦虑的代际传递。

Based on the development system theory and social provisional theory,this study formulated a moderated mediation model to examine the effect mechanisms of family,school and peer systems on the intergenerational transmission of anxiety. 322 left-behind and 323 non-left-behind mother-child dyads were assessed twice during a 6-month period. Results showed that：（1） The intergenerational transmission of anxiety for both left-behind and nonleft-behind mothers and children were partially mediated by maternal psychological control;（2） High level of teacher support broke the indirect transmission of anxiety from left-behind mothers to children but not for non-leftbehind group;（3） High level of friend support broke the direct transmission of anxiety from left-behind and nonleft-behind mothers to children. The implications of these findings for the prevention and intervention of the anxiety for left-behind children were discussed.