留学生文化体验课程实施关键要素质性研究

A qualitative study of the key factors in the teaching of culture-based course to foreign students

文化教学在留学生语言教学中的功能与作用被日益重视,在传统的汉语课堂文化内容教学的基础上,国内部分留学生培养单位开始开设专门的文化课程。作为一种以互动和参与为主体的教学模式,面向留学生的体验式文化课程在促进学生学习文化知识、掌握文化技能和理解文化思维等方面的作用凸显。通过质性研究发现,留学生文化体验课程实施的关键要素主要集中在以下6个方面:以教师为主导的"双主体意识"、教学目标的适度与层次性、教学内容的选择与编排、教学环境的整体创设、教学内容与形式的结构性嵌入、授课教师的综合文化素养。基于此,系列课程研发、多形式教材建设,以及专职教师综合素养提升等应成为留学生文化体验课程建设的重要内容。

The function of culture teaching in the language teaching for foreign students is receiving more concern. Based on the culture teaching in the traditional Chinese-language classroom, some Chinese universities have begun to offer independent culture courses. As an interactive and participatory teaching model, the course of cultural experience for foreign students is highlighted in promoting the students＇ understanding of cultural knowledge and culture-oriented thinking, and mastering cultural skills. This qualitative research reveals six key elements in the implementation of the culture-based curriculum： teacher-based “double-subject consciousness”; moderate and hierarchical teaching objectives; a good selection and arrangement of teaching contents; the overall design of a good teaching environment; a structural fusion of the teaching content and form; teachers＇ good cultural literacy. Thus, the research of a series of curriculums and multiple teaching materials and the enhancement of the overall quality of full-time teachers should be the key factors for culture-based courses.