航天器面内机动规避最优脉冲分析

Analysis of optimal impulse for in-plane collision avoidance maneuver

针对航天器在轨危险交会,提出了航天器面内机动最优规避分析方法,基于面内机动约束,在保证碰撞概率降低到最小值或交会距离提高到最大值的前提下得到最优的机动脉冲。首先结合轨道高斯摄动方程和泰勒展开得到解析的轨道规避机动动力学模型,分析了机动脉冲与航天器相对运动的线性关系;然后通过航天器位置协方差信息及交会平面的相对位置信息得到航天器危险交会的碰撞概率和交会距离,并采用机动方向和机动大小分步求解的策略计算机动冲量;最后通过数值仿真对面内脉冲机动规避策略进行验证,仿真结果表明所设计的面内脉冲规避策略能够得到不同时机下的最优脉冲。

The optimal strategies of in-plane maneuver avoidance are proposed for the dangerous assessment of two spacecrafts.The strategies can calculate the optimal impulsive with reduce collision probability and increase miss distance.Firstly,Closed-form analytical expressions with the maneuvering impulsive and spacecraft relative motion are obtained by combining the Gaussian perturbation equation and Taylor expansion in the encounter b-plane.Then,the expressions of collision probability and miss distance are obtained by the relative position covariance information and the relative position information of the two spacecrafts,and collision avoidance impulsive is calculated by a two steps strategy.Finally,some mathematical simulations for the proposed strategies are implemented.The simulation results indicate that using the proposed maneuver strategies,we can get the optimal impulsive.