山东省主要农作物比较优势分析及其发展提升建议

Comparative Advantage Analysis of Main Crops in Shandong Province and Suggestions for Their Development and Improvement

本研究以《山东省统计年鉴》和《中国统计年鉴》中山东省与全国2006—2016年11年间的主要农作物统计数据为材料,运用比较优势原理,分析山东省主要农作物的比较优势,为山东省合理推广农业机械化、优化农作物种植结构提供参考。结果表明:山东省花生、小麦、棉花和玉米的种植较全国平均水平(1. 000)具有优势,其综合比较优势指数平均值分别为1. 657、1. 516、1. 220、1. 146;而薯类、豆类、稻谷和油菜籽的种植不具优势,其综合比较优势指数平均值分别为0. 857、0. 541、0. 258、0. 155。由山东省农作物规模和效率比较优势指数结果看出,其比较优势主要依托规模化种植,而效率比较优势相对较低。

Based on the statistical data of major crops in Shandong and China from 2006 to 2016 from Shandong Statistic Year Book and China Statistic Year Book, the comparative advantages of major crops in Shandong Province were analyzed according to the comparative advantage theory. The results would guide the rational popularization of agricultural mechanization and optimize the crop planting structure in Shandong Province. The results indicated that the planting of peanut, wheat, cotton and corn in Shandong was superior to the national average （1.000）, and their aggregated advantage indices （AAI） were 1.657, 1.516, 1.220 and 1.146, respectively. Potatoes, beans, rice and rapeseed planting had no advantage, and their aggregated advantage indices were 0.857, 0.541, 0.258 and 0.155, respectively. The analysis on the scale advantage indices （SAI） and efficiency advantage indices （EAI） showed that the advantage of crop planting in Shandong depended mainly on large-scale planting, and the efficiency advantage indices were relatively lower.