鲁西迪小说中的文化图景解析——以《午夜之子》中的意象“蛇与梯子”为例

The Analysis of Cultural Views in Rushdie's Novel——Take the Images of Snake and Ladder in Midnight's Children as an Example

萨曼·鲁西迪(Salman Rushdie)是一位享有国际声誉的作家,《午夜之子》是他的代表作之一,这是一部以一个家族六十多年的兴衰变迁作为国家历史的缩影、运用魔幻现实主义手法创作的小说。"蛇与梯子"是《午夜之子》中反复出现的一组意象,通过此意象,作家为我们展现出了他眼中和心中的文化图景:一是作为游戏本身所具有的意义,即对立冲突;二是在游戏之外,延伸到生活中所体现出来的混杂性与不确定性;三是在对立与杂糅之后,指向一个多元、包容的世界。作为一个流散作家,鲁西迪既反对暴力的殖民主义又反对狭隘的民族主义,因此他提出了一种文化上的杂糅与融合。

Salman Rushdie is an author with an international reputation, Midnight＇ s Children is one of his masterpieces, we can understand his cultural perspectives more deeply through this novel. This is a novel based on the rise and fall of a family for more than 60 years as a microcosm of the history of the country, using magical realism. ＂Snack and ladder＂ is a pair of images recurring in this novel which have profound cultural metaphors. By analyzing this image, we can more fully see the cultural views in his novels. Firstly, it is the meaning of the game itself. That is the conflict and opposite. Secondly, it is the hybridity and uncertainty embodied in the life beyond the game. Lastly, it is a multidimensional and inclusive world. Sahnan Rushdie is a diasporic writer who opposes both violent colonialism and narrow minded nationalism, and therefore he puts forward a cultural hybridity and integration.