道教斋醮科仪对周礼祭祀体系的接受及其意义

On the Acceptance of Taoist Fasting to Zhou Ritual System and Its Significance

道教斋醮科仪虽起源于下层民间中的巫祝仪式,但在发展中不断地吸收了先秦周礼祭祀礼制的内容。道教斋醮名称源自先秦周礼,道教斋醮祀神对象及祀神方式多以先秦周礼为基础,道教斋醮器物大多承袭先秦礼制器物规制,道教斋醮礼意也多沿袭先秦周礼。这种长期而广泛的或主动或被动的接受行为,实际上显示出了道教对于世俗规则的屈服。它客观上促进了道教的官方化,并为道教争取到了较大的发展空间。

Although the Taoist Fasting rituals originated from the lower folk rites, they constantly absorbed the content of the pre - Qin Zhou ritual rituals in the process of the development. The name of Fasting comes from Zhou ritual ; Taoist sacrificial objects and saerificial methods are mostly based on the pre - Qin Zhou ritual. Most of Taoist Fasting artifacts inherited the pre - Qin ritual artifacts regulations ; and, Taoist funeral rituals also followed Zhou ritual. This long - term and extensive active or passive acceptance behavior aetually shows Taoism＇ s submission to secular rules. It objectively promoted the official nature of Taoism and gained greater development space for Taoism.