终末期肾脏病维持性血液透析营养风险筛查及护理干预成效研究

Study on nutritional risk screening and nursing intervention effect of end-stage renal disease maintenance hemodialysis

目的:探讨终末期肾脏病维持性血液透析营养风险筛查及护理干预成效。方法:选取本院血液透析室接受维持性血液透析治疗时间大于3个月,且营养风险筛查总评分≥3分的68例终末期肾脏病患者,随机均分为对照组和观察组,各34例。对照组予血液透析常规护理和饮食知识健康宣教,观察组在对照组基础上给予科学的营养知识宣讲以及饮食护理和健康指导干预。干预6个月,对比两组患者维持性血液透析期间相关并发症发生情况和生活质量。结果:干预6个月,观察组生活质量评价条目中生理领域、社会关系、心理领域、环境领域以及总生活质量得分均明显高于对照组;观察组治疗期间相关并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论:对接受维持性血液透析治疗的终末期肾脏病患者实施营养风险筛查及相关护理干预,可显著改善患者营养状况,减少维持性血液透析相关并发症的发生,全面提升患者生活质量。

Objective：To explore the effect of maintenance hemodialysis nutrition risk screening and nursing intervention for end-stage renal disease.Methods：68 patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent maintenance hemodialysis treatment for more than 3 months and a nutritional risk screening score of ≥3 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. The control group was given hemodialysis routine nursing and diet knowledge health education. The observation group gave scientific nutrition knowledge presentation and diet nursing and health guidance intervention on the basis of the control group. After 6 months of intervention, the complications and quality of life during maintenance hemodialysis were compared between the two groups. Results：After 6 months of intervention, the physiological, social, psychological, environmental, and total quality of life scores of the observation group＇s quality of life evaluation items were significantly higher than those of the control group; the incidence of complications during the treatment in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05）.Conclusion：Nutritional risk screening and related nursing interventions for patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis can significantly improve nutritional status, reduce the incidence of maintenance-related hemodialysis-related complications, and improve overall quality of life.